The P Value and F test results are presented below: PHASE 1: Hydroponic Onion Data (August, 2016), 4.4. The rainy season officially starts in the month of May. Table 4. As it is an agricultural community, it is dependent on the volume of harvest which in turn is dependent on the quality of weather condition. Some watershed in the province is already in critical condition adversely affecting the quality of water used in agricultural productivity [6] . The vertical farming or high-rise farming will work. Correct maintenance of the hydroponic unit is vital to ensure optimal conditions for germination—usually 20/24 h … More than this, are the challenges of financial and technological viability that ordinary farmers cannot easily adjust to. The province of Nueva Ecija is the leading producer of onion accounting for 99 percent of the region’s onion production. Contact Us. If the result of the pilot testing is successful and viable, then this can be replicated by other farmers in Leyte especially the organizations who are beneficiaries of the More Income in the Countryside Project of the provincial government, according to Petilla. 4.5. Statistical Analysis of Bulb Growth Using VHF Technology. It is estimated that one acre of vertical farming is equivalent to ten to twenty soil based farmlands [16] . 1.2. In this experiment, the researcher used an 8-week old seedling called “setts” from the nursery bed. Table 5. The hydroponic technology allows small farmers to grow food even in dry spells. Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) is one of the learning areas of the Secondary Education Curriculum used in Philippine secondary schools. During natural calamities and disasters like typhoon, we can transfer the vans to safer place where the typhoon will not directly hit," Petilla said. The result is attributed to extraneous variables which the researchers were not able to control in the first phase of the experiment. Based on the temperature graph shown, the hottest temperature was in the month of August 2016 is 37˚C - 38˚C. Open Journal of Ecology The province of Nueva Ecija is not spared from the effects of climate change. 4.2. For instance, agricultural land covers only 38 percent while arable land covers 11 percent of the total land area. 2.8K likes. Hydroponics is the growing of plants without soil. On the average, the onion bulb development in the second experiment yielded an average growth of 3 cm in a 30-day period. November 24, 2020, 5:56 pm, HIGH-VALUE CROPS. Focus Group Discussion was also held to reinforce the results and findings using other tools to gather data. The remaining loan balance is $48,000 which could be paid in full. It is manageable at its state. Of the total area used for food crops, Two Hundred Seventy Thousand hectares are used to grow vegetables and root crops. Hydroponics is … TACLOBAN CITY – The Leyte provincial government will launch a hydroponics farming project to help farmers maximize limited space in cultivating high-value crops. Drain water will be recalculated again by a pump. The Philippines is an agricultural country with a land area of 30 million hectares. There was a 0.02 cm increased in the development of bulb diameter compared to Table 3 Phase 2 experiment yielding only a 4.1 cm growth of onion bulb smaller than the result of July 2017 3rd and last phase of the experiment. Food Production and Land Use in the Philippines. The respondents were identified on actual farm environment. The University of the Philippines (UP) is the country’s national university. The VHF is also free from unfavorable weather condition as the onion grows under an artificial environment and controlled physical surroundings. Hydroponics for Beginners Phil. Vol.08 No.01(2018), Article ID:81678,17 pages Vertical Farming Using Hydroponic System: Toward a Sustainable Onion Production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The vertical hydroponic grower is a 9-m, diamond-shaped structure consisting of 30 tiers of troughs made up of 7.6-cm-diameter, 2.5-m-long PVC pipes. Globe: 09771376905 Smart: 09474235228 Landline: 026640600. support@crshydroponics.com The declining production of the industry demands that new model and a new system of farming needs to be reconsidered. The study measured the technology’s sustainability and acceptability to onion farmers. From the 2 cm initial bulb development, it grew to 3.1 on the 30th day of the experiment. The cost analysis of using the hydroponic grower as compared to traditional farming is shown in Table 1. The use of interview was devoted to determining the acceptability of vertical farming to Onion farmers and growers. “With hydroponics, there is no need to water the plants daily so you save time as well as water,” Tingas shared. Table 2 shows the data yielded by the experiments. The study determined the applicability of Vertical Farming using Hydroponic Technology to onion production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Both the hydroponically and soil grown onions were exposed to sunlight from 7 am to 11 am and then kept under the shed from 11 am onwards. These may be a disadvantage; however, the literature shows that the larger-scale hydroponic systems tend to be more cost-effective than small-scale land-based farms. The Figure 5 shows the actual observation of the study. Table 1. Manageability of the VFH Compared to Traditional Method. They all believe that the government must provide the subsidy to onion farmers to establish and employ the VHF system. At this juncture, the literature shows that development of the onion industry in the Philippines is facing a challenge. Using the system will provide the farmer control of the farm allowing more significant results. The Leyte provincial government will launch a hydroponics farming project to help farmers maximize limited space in cultivating high-value crops. Other plants that can be grown using hydroponics include butter crunch, spinach, basil, mint, strawberries, cucumber, and marigold flowers. The VHF simplifies farm management and ensures environment-friendly farm operation. Among them is Bulb onion (Allium cepa L.). The use of farmlands for food production and industrial purposes goes beyond the carrying capacity of the environment. During checking and harvesting periods, the valve connecting to the main water supply will be shut down and will be opened again once the plants were checked for any waterborne disease or cutting of rotten leaves. The experimental method was used to determine the suitability of vertical farming using the hydroponic system to onion production. Climate change has made the growing of food risky. (interviewee, male). Marilou P. Pascual, Gina A. Lorenzo, Arneil G. Gabriel. Many NGOs are active in promoting sustainable low-input agricultural systems in the Philippines and will play an important role in adapting solutions to specific local conditions. and Gabriel, A.G. (2018) Vertical Farming Using Hydroponic System: Toward a Sustainable Onion Production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Vertical Farming has the following advantages compared to traditional farming practices: 1) Year-round crop production as it requires no soil rejuvenation and soil mineral recovery ordinarily observed in land-based farming. The Philippine Information Agency is the official public information arm of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines. This article was co-authored by Maggie Moran.Maggie Moran is a Professional Gardener in Pennsylvania. 2) For P-test, P < 0.05 also indicates the significant difference in onion growth per week. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). Studies showed that by the year 2050, our growing global population would require an estimate of 60 percent more food than we produce today [1] [2] [3] . Since August is a rainy season in the study area, the volume of rains may contaminate the chemically treated water in the hydroponic technology. Using the single factor ANOVA, the results show that there is enough evidence to prove that there is significant difference in the growth of onion bulb, Figure 5. At present, onion production in Nueva Ecija is threatened by importation, smuggling, and the emergence of pests bringing havoc to potential earnings of onion farmers. SNAP hydroponics is a low-cost hydroponics system for soil-less vegetable production. Table 6. "Initially, they will try growing lettuce, then eventually they will try other crops like tomatoes and bell pepper," Petilla said. Its manageability could be deduced from the shortened preparation, operation and harvesting phases compared to traditional method. Majority of the interviewees were excited to adopt the VFH system for onion production. The arable land is becoming limited, and alternative agricultural practices are necessary. Therefore, the Return On Investment (ROI) will be in the second year. Hulo Mandaluyong City, 1550, Philippines. Open Journal of Ecology Vol.8 No.1，January 11, 2018 DOI: 10.4236/oje.2018.81003 4,263 Downloads 10,783 Views Citations A 1500 m2 lot area could contain 200 racks and would produce 15,000 kg of onion almost equivalent to 1 hectare of traditional farming unaffected by any adverse weather and growing conditions. The same method will also be used during harvesting. Through better agricultural governance, and the use of sustainable agricultural technique, we can make significant stride toward food security by the year 2040. (PNA). For the traditional farming method, although the loan was paid immediately, it is shown that the remaining balance on the second cropping is smaller than that of the VHF method. Phase 3: Experiment conducted in July 2017. capital, increase crop yields would compensate the investment [20] . The dry season during the months of November to April while the wet season occurs during the rest of the months of the year. On the next scheduled experiment in May 2017, the initial bulb diameter on the first day developed to 4.1 cm on the 30th experimental day. On the other hand, the traditional method allows the payback period within one year. Land-based agriculture requires land plowing using farm implements burning gasoline and other petroleum products. Bambusa merilliana, Bambusa blumeana, and Dendrocalamus asper, were evaluated for their total Cu uptake ability in hydroponics.Dendrocalamus asper proved to be the most efficient in terms of Cu phytoremediating potential with a constant positive uptake of 80 μM in a contaminated substrate and a bioconcentration factor of 50.57. The literature review was used to determine the current agricultural practices and compare it with the hydroponic method. It is a favorite culinary ingredient in the Philippines and in Southeast Asia. Usability of VFH to Onion Production, In many studies, the plant’s growth rate is higher in Vertical farming using hydroponics technology. Furthermore, the methods would be included in the academic curricula in secondary and tertiary levels of education both in the private and public schools [11] . Hydroponics, or growing plants in a nutrient solution root medium, is a growing area of commercial food production and also is used for home food production by hobbyists. The VHF is not acceptable because of the big amount required as initial capitalization. The Figure 5 showed the hydroponic technology as applied by the scientists having the vision to bring the technology in outer space where there is no land or soil where plant or vegetables could be transplanted to sustain their food. To be technical, the term pH refers to the potential hydrogen-hydroxyl ion content of a solution. They can plant their crops whole year-round," he said. Figure 2. Copyright © 2006-2017 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. It requires no preparation which involves the use of farms machinery for plowing, harvesting and the like. The tests were made exclusively on vegetables grown at hydroponic farms - where crops are grown in a water-based, nutrient-rich medium, without the use of soil. Vertical Farming promises to eliminate external natural processes since crops will be grown under carefully selected and well-monitored conditions, ensuring an optimal growth rate for each species of plant and animal year-round [14] . There is a little challenge in the use of workforce to manage to harvest, planting and weeding as there are no weeds to grow. January 12, 2021, 2:40 pm. Meanwhile, interview with onion farmers to estimate the cost of onion production using traditional method was set. “young harabas and pinakamatindi, walang itinera sa amin, napakadami nila, di ko alam kung saann nanggaling, malaki ang nawala sa amin” (translation) “among onion pests it is harabas that is very difficult to contain they are too many, and we do not know where they come from, it really caused the decline of our income during the last planting season)” (interviewee 3, male). Aquaponics grows substantially more food with less water, land and labor than traditional agriculture. The vertical hydroponic grower will control the growth of the onions. Phase 1: Experiment conducted in August 2016 Hydroponic Onion Data (30 days). The vertical hydroponic grower can grow 750 bulbs of the onion of onion per rack (the A-shaped structure). Two container vans will be used in the pilot testing of hydroponics farming where one will be set up inside the EVSU-main campus while the other one is at the La Granja De Reyna farm, a local government farming program beneficiary in this city. The sampling method used was convenience sampling and purposive sampling observing the following criteria: 1) must be a farmer or grower of onion; 2) must be doing the planting for more than five years; 3) willing to be interviewed; 4) a resident of Bongabon Nueva Ecija. Prime Philippines sees this as among the opportunities in the real estate sectors. 216 San Jose St. Brgy. The results showed that there is significant difference in the growth of onion bulb per week and the suitability and comparability of the technology to conventional farming. Single factor ANOVA for Phase 1. This premier institution of higher learning was established in 1908 and is now a university system composed of eight constituent universities and one autonomous college spread throughout 17 campuses in the archipelago. In the Philippines, it may seem extra ordinary to consider the idea of urban-based agriculture when viable and productive land is available. The mineral nutrient can be introduced into a plant’s water supply which is then readily absorbed by the plant’s root. The pipe that connects each trough is a flexible hose so that it will conform to the A-shape of the frame as the troughs rotate. Tanks of mineralized water were used to grow beans, tomatoes, and vegetables on tiny Wake Island, a small piece of land in the Pacific Ocean. 47 per cent of which is agricultural land. Three phases of field experiments were conducted in August 2016, May 2017 and July 2017 using the Vertical Farming and Hydroponics Technology and Single Factor Analysis of Variance. This is because you cannot predict the timing or severity of its occurrence. Weather temperatures in July 2017 Source: http://www.accuweather.com/en/ph/philippines-weather. Phase 2: Experiment conducted in May 2017. However, in the traditional method, third cropping is not possible because the land must recoup from the exhaustion of nutrients due to the two cropping seasons and the weather condition during the third cropping is volatile and inappropriate for onion production. The experiment was. Vertical Farming Using Hydroponic System. Privacy Policy | Terms of Use, Southern Leyte sites featured in dive expo, Biliran town allots PHP20-M for Covid-19 jabs, Region 8 health exec renews call for vigilance vs. Covid-19, Leyte mining firm to donate coronavirus vaccines, E. Visayas records 105 new Covid-19 cases, 41 recoveries, Floods displace thousands in 3 Samar provinces, Region 8 LGUs suspend work due to continuous rains, Fines await health protocol violators in S. Leyte town, 4 roads, bridges in E. Visayas closed due to heavy rains, Presidential Communications Operations Office. Each trough will contain 25 onion bulbs spaced at 10cm apart. Water is supplied at the upper-middle trough from an overhead tank. As it is presented, the payback period starts in the third year. Figure 3 shows the highest actual dry temperature of 38 degrees celsius in the month of May 2017 when the experiment was undertaken. Copyright © 2018 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. Pascual, M.P., Lorenzo, G.A. Figure 4 shows the weather temperature of around 34 degrees Celsius when the last phase of the experiment was held in July 2017. Onion production in Nueva Ecija has declined sharply since 2012 and was not able to pull through unto this time. Vertical Farming Using Hydroponics System. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines)); Pansit-pansitan, scientifically known as Pepromia pellucida, is a medicinal plant valued for its anti-gout properties which helps lower uric acid in the blood. This finding is correlated to the reality that the land resource where foods could be produced is finite. Other methods of gathering data were also used, such as library research, literature review, interview and personal observation. These two laws aim to ensure food security and rejuvenate the ecosystem functions. On the third year, the initial investment will be $3944.47. FLEXIBILITY. Systems research will also be essential for making more rapid progress in diversifying small-scale farms. Research and development from universities should be funded by the government. “di agad maa-adopt sa onion farming yan kasi mahal, kailangan talaga may government support dyan or may mga capitalist na susugal, at kailangan ng research kung paano yung pag-grow into (onion) sa hydroponic” (translation) “it is not that easy to adopt the technology we need government or capitalist who will gamble their capital to do further research and try the effectiveness of the VHF to onion growing” (interviewee 13, male). During the interview, the following statements, comments, and opinions of farmers and farmers’ cooperative members were taken: VFH is acceptable because it is resilient to the effects of climate change. Many vegetables are grown using hydroponics. In view of the above discussion, the study posed the following statements of the problem: 1) How may the need for a sustainable system of production of onion be described in terms of viability; 2) What is vertical farming using hydroponics; 3) How may vertical farming using hydroponic system be described in terms of, production cost; usability for onion production; manageability of farm activities and acceptability to farmers and onion growers? To meet the demands, modern agriculture employs a variety of chemical products and exposure to toxic levels of some classes of agrochemicals. The NASA researchers are checking hydroponic onions with Bibb lettuce to his left and radishes to the right. Hydroponics for beginners in the tropical areas of the Philippines. The growth of onion is shown in Tables 2-4 below. The VHF is acceptable as to decrease in farm labor requirements. Proposed design of a hydroponic vertical grower. What is Aquaponics? Even a strong typhoon hits our province, our farmers will immediately resume farming because their crops are protected. There are three reasons cited for the decrease in onion production in Nueva Ecija: 1) The prolonged rainy season; 2) Farmers losing their market share because of the coming in of imported onion; 3) Emergence of insects causing the drop in harvest. “Mahirap na magtanim ngayon kasi sobrang init na, madaming insekto na lumalabas a lupa, yung dahon ng sibuyas nagpa-plastic, medyo mahina na and ani” (translation) “It is difficult to plant onion nowadays because of the climate change, extreme (heat) weather condition made the onion leaves look like plastic and eventually died” (Interviewee two, male), The VHF is acceptable as to its safe from farm pests, Farmers consider the method free from farm pests. Weather temperatures in May 2017 Source: http://www.accuweather.com/en/ph/philippines-weather. The readiness and cognition on how to operate the facilities would be a major challenge. It is observed that there is a 2.5 cm average bulb diameter yielded within a 30 day period. By Roel Amazona 10.4236/oje.2018.81003, Vertical Farming Using Hydroponic System: Toward a Sustainable Onion Production in Nueva Ecija, Philippines, Marilou P. Pascual1, Gina A. Lorenzo2, Arneil G. Gabriel3, 1College of Management and Business Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines, 2College of Engineering, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines, 3Department of Public Administration, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan, Philippines. Thus, the researchers made it sure that the samples are kept in a shed otherwise rain water would mix up with the nutrients in the water and may affect the growth of the onion. Learn about the state-of-the-art techniques for producing food in a controlled, soilless setting. Some did not cooperate because they are already satisfied with the yield produced by using traditional method or land- based onion production. a sustainable method of raising both fish and vegetables is popular with people around the world. She sent me brief, … The development of new technology for food production is essential to sustain man’s needs for survival. when measured per centi meter per week for within the period of one month. The law further mandates that abandoned government lots and buildings owned by the national or local governments or available land resources of state universities and colleges shall be considered for growing crops, raising lives tocks purposely to sustain the demand for food production using vertical farming and urban gardening. The Contribution of the VHF System to Onion Production in Nueva Ecija. The results of the experiments are similar to that found out by the researchers of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 3) The technology can be put up anywhere; 4) it minimizes weather and crop failures as it is under a controlled environment the farmer himself sets; 5) it helps in restoring the farmland to the ecosystem. In VHF method, manageability of the farm is quite obvious; the area requires no caretakers considering the number of square meters and the absence of other farming management phases in the traditional method. A hydroponic culture is the practice of germinating seeds (usually barley) in water-filled trays in a humidity- and temperature-controlled, enclosed environment. The gutters are connected to a chain-sprocket system so that it will rotate around the A-frame for the checking and caring for the plants and harvesting the crops. Water is also a scarce resource [5] . While, hydroponics and aeroponics methods are tools to produce crops in soil-less nutrient solutions. The dependent variable will be the onions that will be grown in the hydroponic vertical grower which is considered as the independent variable. The vertical grower design employing hydroponics may be utilized in onion farming in Nueva Ecija for the following reasons: 1) Increased productivity of onions, 2) Year-round crop production, 3) Possibility that can be put up or built anywhere, 4) No weather related crop failures, 5) Onions being free from pesticides and herbicides, 6) Lessening excessive use of fertilizers thus no threat to human and animal health, 7) Requiring less space, so the spare land can be used for fruit bearing trees, which gives additional income to the farmers and helps restore the ecosystem. Natural resources following chart doesn ’ t pertain to them wet season occurs during the is. 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